Iodosyl Sulfate

Chemical Name: iodosyl sulfate
Synonyms: CAS No. 25041-70-7
Molecular Formula: I2O6S
Molecular Weight} 381.87000
PSA: 95.12000
LogP: 1.80760

Iodosyl sulfate, also known as 3-indoxylsulfate and 3-indoxylsulfuric acid, is a metabolite of dietary L-tryptophan. It acts as both a cardiotoxin and a uremic toxin. High concentrations of indoxyl sulfate in blood plasma are associated with the development and progression of chronic kidney disease and vascular disease in humans. As a uremic toxin, it stimulates glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis1.
The biosynthesis of indoxyl sulfate occurs through the following metabolic pathway:
L-tryptophan is converted to indole in the human intestine by tryptophanase-expressing gastrointestinal bacteria.
Indole is further transformed into indoxyl via enzyme-mediated hydroxylation in the liver.
Finally, indoxyl is converted into indoxyl sulfate by sulfotransferase enzymes in the liver, with SULT1A1 being the primary sulfotransferase enzyme involved in this conversion.

Metabolites are the intermediate products of metabolic reactions catalyzed by various enzymes that naturally occur within cells. This term is usually used to describe small molecules, although broader application is often practiced.